Everything about Vector Biology totally explained
In
epidemiology, a
vector is an
organism that doesn't cause
disease itself but which transmits
infection by conveying
pathogens from one
host to another.
A classic example is the
anopheles mosquito which acts as a vector for the disease
malaria by transmitting the malarial parasite
plasmodium to humans.
In this case
plasmodium is harmless to the mosquito (its
intermediate host) but causes the disease
malaria in humans (its
definitive host).
In
molecular biology and
genetic engineering a
vector is a vehicle for transferring genetic material into a cell.
A
viral vector is a virus which has been modified to
transduct specific genetic material into a cell, for example for
gene therapy.
A
plasmid vector is made by splicing a
DNA construct into a
plasmid. Various techniques are then used to
transfect the plasmid into the cell.
Epidemiology
There are two types of vector that convey infectious organisms to a host: mechanical and biological. Microbes don't multiply within mechanical vectors - mechanical vectors only physically transport microbes from host to host. In contrast, microbes must propagate within a biological vector before the biological vector can transmit the microbes.
Molecular biology
Cell transformation and gene therapy
adenovirus
adeno-associated virus
tobacco mosaic virus (plants)
cytomegalovirus
bacteriophage (bacteria)
viral vector
DNA
SV40 (Simian virus 40)
Plasmid
Yeast artificial chromosome (Chromosome walking, Positional cloning)
Bacterial artificial chromosome (Shotgun sequencing)Further Information
Get more info on 'Vector Biology'.
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